Originally a name for a person from Marlow in Buckinghamshire, England. The place name means “remnants of a lake” from Old English mere “lake” and lafe “remnants, remains”. A notable bearer was the English playwright and poet Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593).
Originally denoted a person who hailed from one of the various places in Britain called Marley, ultimately meaning either “pleasant wood”, “boundary wood” or “marten wood” in Old English. One of the main characters in Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol (1843) bears this surname.